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The ancient wisdom of the East has made China stand on the top of the world for about 2000 years, while the modern science of the West (whether natural science or social science) has made the Western countries become more and more...
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The ancient wisdom of the East has made China stand on the top of the world for about 2000 years, while the modern science of the West (whether natural science or social science) has made the Western countries become more and more powerful in recent hundreds of years. So the cultures adopted between them must be persuasive, intelligent, practicable and operable theories. Comparing the two political systems, we can find that although the appearance of the two systems is different, both of them are highly similar in nature. Due to the influence of history, geography, habits and other factors, there must be differences in the nature of the two. We also need to face up to such differences. Therefore, the author intends to make a breakthrough point from the theory of Confucian political and philosophical system in ancient China, from which to analyze the modern democratic political system, describe its advantages and disadvantages, and put forward some of my humble opinions.
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This article examines the “back to tradition” movement in Chinese schools and its political nature. It focuses on the launch of the “education in Chinese traditional virtues” project in the 1980s and various new developments a...
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This article examines the “back to tradition” movement in Chinese schools and its political nature. It focuses on the launch of the “education in Chinese traditional virtues” project in the 1980s and various new developments at the present time, which continue a revival of Confucianism in Chinese society and education. The paper looks into the domestic and international background of the movement, the political nature of the Confucian tradition, and the government's support for the movement. The essay explores a resurgence of Confucianism in Chinese schools through moral education and the larger political purpose it serves. The article reveals how a popular grass roots education movement reflects particular social and political needs during changing times and how pedagogical functions of an education initiative become entangled with, and even overshadowed by, political demands within a politically centralised system.
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This essay studies equality and inequality in Confucianism. By studying Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, and other classic thinkers, I argue that Confucian equality is manifested in two forms. Numerical equality is founded in the Mencia...
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This essay studies equality and inequality in Confucianism. By studying Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, and other classic thinkers, I argue that Confucian equality is manifested in two forms. Numerical equality is founded in the Mencian belief that every person is born with the same moral potential and the Xunzian notion that all people have the same xing and the same potential for moral cultivation. It is also manifested in the form of role-based equality. Proportional equality, however, is the main notion of equality in Confucian philosophy. Proportional equality is realized in moral, economic, and political realms. On the basis of these notions of Confucian equality, I propose two Confucian political principles for contemporary society. The first is the inclusive principle of general election by citizenry, and the second is the exclusive principle of qualification for public offices.
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The Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP), a thirty-year program of research in the United States focused on early childhood preventive intervention, offers a powerful example of the kinds of programs and public policies that Confucian u...
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The Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP), a thirty-year program of research in the United States focused on early childhood preventive intervention, offers a powerful example of the kinds of programs and public policies that Confucian understandings of parent–child relationships and moral cultivation might recommend in contemporary societies today. NFP findings, as well as its theoretical foundations, lend empirical support to early Confucian views of the role of parent–child relationships in human moral development, the nature and possibility of moral self-cultivation, and the task of creating and sustaining a good society, which gives philosophers who are interested in ethical claims that reflect and inform actual practice good reasons to take Confucian ethics seriously. Additionally, the evidence provided by the NFP and early Confucian accounts can both be used to promote social change, which highlights how the sciences and the humanities can work together in complementary ways to address societal problems.
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This article analyzes the relation between Confucianism and Chinese politics in the history, actuality, and future. The focus is on the special relationship between Confucianism and Chinese politics. First, the author provides a b...
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This article analyzes the relation between Confucianism and Chinese politics in the history, actuality, and future. The focus is on the special relationship between Confucianism and Chinese politics. First, the author provides a brief historical reflection on the relationship between Confucianism and Chinese traditional politics and develops three dimensions for such an interpretation. Second, the author explains the need for a Confucian renaissance in contemporary Chinese politics. The article then turns to the contemporary controversy about Confucianism and Chinese politics in mainland China. Jiang Qing's conception of Confucianism as state religion is then juxtaposed with Chen Ming's articulation of Confucianism as civil religion. In conclusion, the author argues that Confucianism should serve as an ethical resource for the state constitution, as well as a resource for social governance and cultivation.
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This paper studies articles about terrorism in the representative Chinese newspaper People?s Daily in order to analyze how traditional Chinese political culture, in particular Confucianism, permeates contemporary Chinese geopoliti...
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This paper studies articles about terrorism in the representative Chinese newspaper People?s Daily in order to analyze how traditional Chinese political culture, in particular Confucianism, permeates contemporary Chinese geopolitical discourse. Specific attention is paid to articles on terrorism and the U.S. ?war on terror.? The author argues that, instead of interpreting terrorist actions and U.S. counter-terrorism politics as binary opposites, using a lens of a Confucianism-style morality, the Chinese newspaper observes connections between them. The author considers how these discourses affect China?s perception of itself in the realm of international security politics. The representative Chinese newspaper articles on terrorism, in addition to China?s repositioning on the global stage, reveal a geopolitical fault-line with strong moral undertones. The paper sheds light on the historic and often implicit political impact of Confucianism within present day Chinese geopolitical discourse and practice.
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Utilizing a large dataset on Chinese A-Share listed firms comprising 18763 firm-year observation for the period of 2001-2015, we examined whether Confucianism and political connections lessen the stock price crash risk of firms by...
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Utilizing a large dataset on Chinese A-Share listed firms comprising 18763 firm-year observation for the period of 2001-2015, we examined whether Confucianism and political connections lessen the stock price crash risk of firms by using geographical-proximity-based Confucianism variables. Our findings point towards the evidence that firms situated in China with higher levels of Confucianism reveal low levels of stock price crash risk and this relationship is incrementally significant for politically connected firms while controlling for a battery of control variables. Our results are robust by using alternate proxies.
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Chapter 15 of the Xunzi stands as the most comprehensive account of the early Confucian analysis of warfare. Unlike a range of other early, non-Confucian discussions on warfare, particular strategies and tactics are taken to be of...
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Chapter 15 of the Xunzi stands as the most comprehensive account of the early Confucian analysis of warfare. Unlike a range of other early, non-Confucian discussions on warfare, particular strategies and tactics are taken to be of secondary importance. Thus, Xunzi refuses to discuss practical military strategy without framing it within a much broader ethical, social, and political context. On his account, a well-ordered, flourishing state necessarily rests upon a particular set of rituals and social norms in which people can cultivate themselves morally. Such a state has nothing to fear from any enemy, no matter how tactically sophisticated or militarily skilled. To many, such a view seems overly optimistic. However, given that Xunzi is anything but Pollyannaish in other parts of the text and is quite pessimistic about human nature in general, it behooves us to dig a bit more deeply into his ideas about military affairs and examine whether they can be understood in a more plausible light. This article provides a reading of Xunzi's views on military affairs that is internally consistent and corresponds with Xunzi's broader ethical and political views, while also showing why someone of Xunzi's obvious intellectual acumen might hold such a view.
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The early Ru or 'Confucian' figure Xunzi ('Master Xun,' c. 310-c. 220 BCE) gives a sophisticated analysis of war, which he develops on the basis of a larger social and political vision that he works out in considerable detail. Thi...
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The early Ru or 'Confucian' figure Xunzi ('Master Xun,' c. 310-c. 220 BCE) gives a sophisticated analysis of war, which he develops on the basis of a larger social and political vision that he works out in considerable detail. This larger vision of human society is thoroughly normative in the sense that Xunzi both argues for the value of his ideal conception of society, and relates these moral arguments for the Confucian Dao or Way to what I take to be fairly hardheaded assessments of the dynamics of international relations in his late Warring States historical context. This combination of moral vision and political realism, combined with his advocacy of strong political authorities that nevertheless rule justly in service to the common good, makes his thought arguably more relevant to the contemporary world of contending nation-states, and a rising, undemocratic China, than any other pre-modern Confucian. Xunzi's own context, both intellectual and political/military, led him to argue about war in ways that look distinctive to contemporary Western ethicists - and yet his preferred issues are revealing in themselves and are suggestive in relation to current debates in military ethics. In the first part of this paper I analyze Xunzi's argumentative strategy in debate about war, where he chooses to attack his adversaries on the question of how to cultivate true loyalty and obedience in subordinates. The second part briefly explores Xunzi's vision of the good society and how it fits into a multi-state world, which undergirds his critique of alternate discourses about war and government. The third examines the Xunzian vision of politics and war as a source for a contemporary Confucian theory of civilian-military relations. The fourth section explores some implications of a Xunzian account for international relations, through a brief comparison with the Kantian notion of 'perpetual peace' among liberal states, and whether such 'zones of peace' might be conceivable on Confucian grounds. The conclusion reflects on the ambiguous legacy of Xunzi's moralism in his analysis of war and statecraft, and the possible light this shines on contemporary Chinese political culture.
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This paper explores the way one particular manager of the MIS department at Taijen uses expert knowledge to adopt political tactics to achieve his goals of self-interest in information system development (ISD) processes. Based on ...
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This paper explores the way one particular manager of the MIS department at Taijen uses expert knowledge to adopt political tactics to achieve his goals of self-interest in information system development (ISD) processes. Based on qualitative data collected from Taijen (pseudonym), the study interweaves Chinese Power Game: Face and Favor Theory and Confucian Relationalism into the different kinds of political tactics utilized by the MIS department manager. An appropriate categorization of political tactics is constructed based on two dimensions: "relatively strong/weak power" and "winning/losing position." Nine kinds of political tactics are grouped into four types: aggression, defense, strengthening and withdrawal, and the different tactics used by the manager of the MIS department on his supervisors, equals and subordinates are categorized on the basis of these types. In view of the important role played by Asia in the 21st Century, particularly by Chinese cultural societies, which represent a hugely significant market to all global enterprises, it is hoped that this study will assist the business world in understanding the culture that places emphasis on the conducting of business through interpersonal relationships.
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